2015 Annual Report on Germanium Market
2016-03-15 10:00:10 【Print】
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1. A brief introduction for Chinese germanium industry
1.1 Characteristics of germanium metal
Germanium is an element belonging to group IVA with symbol Ge. Its atomic number is 32 and its atomic mass, 72 . 64 . The melting point of germanium is 937 . 4 °C while its boiling point is 2830 °C and its density is 5.35g/cm-3, with a hardness of 6~6 . 5 . It is a lustrous, hard, grayish-white metalloid of the carbon group . Germanium is stable in air at room temperature and does not react with water vapor; when it is between 600~700℃, germanium dioxide is quickly formed . The content of germanium in the earth’s crust is about 0 . 0007%, and there is almost no concentrated germanium ore . Its distribution is fragmented in nature, a great amount of germanium being found in silicate salt mines and sulfide ores of different kinds of metals and coals . Germanium is also produced from some copper ores, iron ores and sulphide ores, as well as some silver ores . In addition, there are trace amounts of germanium in rocks, soils, spring water as well as some plants such as ginseng, radix angelica, medlar, aloe, lucid ganoderma, tea leaf . Germanium has been widely used in electronics, optics, chemicals, biomedicines, energy and other high-tech fields.
1.1 Characteristics of germanium metal
Germanium is an element belonging to group IVA with symbol Ge. Its atomic number is 32 and its atomic mass, 72 . 64 . The melting point of germanium is 937 . 4 °C while its boiling point is 2830 °C and its density is 5.35g/cm-3, with a hardness of 6~6 . 5 . It is a lustrous, hard, grayish-white metalloid of the carbon group . Germanium is stable in air at room temperature and does not react with water vapor; when it is between 600~700℃, germanium dioxide is quickly formed . The content of germanium in the earth’s crust is about 0 . 0007%, and there is almost no concentrated germanium ore . Its distribution is fragmented in nature, a great amount of germanium being found in silicate salt mines and sulfide ores of different kinds of metals and coals . Germanium is also produced from some copper ores, iron ores and sulphide ores, as well as some silver ores . In addition, there are trace amounts of germanium in rocks, soils, spring water as well as some plants such as ginseng, radix angelica, medlar, aloe, lucid ganoderma, tea leaf . Germanium has been widely used in electronics, optics, chemicals, biomedicines, energy and other high-tech fields.